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The Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project (MHWDP) is a land husbandry initiative in Himachal Pradesh, India that aims by means of green growth and sustainable development to establish a functionally tenable watershed ecosystem. MHWDP has started to reverse several decades of degradation of the natural resource base including forests, has achieved improved agricultural yields and productivity, and has raised rural household incomes. It includes the Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project (HPRF), the world’s largest clean development mechanism (CDM) project. ==Background== The Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project (MHWDP) is an administrative unit of the Department of Forests of the Government of Himachal Pradesh.〔Project Design Document for Project Activities (CDM-AR-PDD) for India: Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project – Improving Livelihoods and Watersheds; Version 07. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Executive Board, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). (3 Feb 2011) ()〕 MHWDP stakeholders are the Department of Forests, local gram panchayats (GPs), and the World Bank.〔 The project aims to reverse several decades of degradation of the natural resource base and improve the productive potential and incomes of the rural households in the project areas.〔World Bank to give USD 37 million more for Himachal Pradesh watershed project. Jagran Post. (20 May 2012) ()〕 Using a community-driven development approach, MHWDP aims to improve water harvesting, increase the area under irrigation to diversify agriculture and horticulture, and conserve and sustainably develop soil and water resources.〔 MHWDP covers 222,951 ha in the watersheds of Mid-Himalayan region in the Siwalik Hills between 600 to 1800 metres above mean sea level.〔 It encompasses the catchment areas for three major rivers of Northern India, the Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.〔 These rivers join the Indus, which carries water that sustains more than 200 million people.〔Development Policy Loan (DPL) to Promote Inclusive Green Growth and Sustainable Development in Himachal Pradesh. The World Bank Group. (7 Sept 2012) ()〕 The project covers 11 watershed divisions and involves 704 gram panchayats located in 43 blocks spread over 10 districts of the state. MHWDP manages a subproject,〔 the Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project (HPRP),〔TITLE()〕 also called the HP Bio-Carbon Reforestation Project-Improving Livelihoods and Watersheds.〔Approval letter for HP Bio-Carbon Reforestation Project-Improving Livelihoods and Watersheds. Government of Himachal Pradesh Department of Forests. (16 April, 2009)()〕 HPRP implements Afforestation and Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism (A/R CDM) activities, initially on 4,003.07 ha〔 but subsequently expanded to aprx (exact?) 10,000 ha of degraded lands. MHWDP will manage HPRP until 2013 or beyond.〔 The State Forest Department will subsequently manage the project.〔 HPRP was registered with the UNFCCC 30 Jun 2011 (or whenever...)〔Project 4174 : India: Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project – Improving Livelihoods and Watersheds. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mid-Himalayan Watershed Development Project」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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